Search results for “Cost”

About 100 results in articles

Open Access Pub publishes peer-reviewed, free-to-read open-access articles. Showing articles matching Cost — open any to read the full text, or download the PDF or XML.

Effect of Hours of Use and Age in Years in Estimating Repair and Maintenance Costs for Two Sizes of Agricultural Tractors in Northern Sudan

Oct 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-21-3875
Mohamed Hassan DahabCorresponding author

Repair and maintenance cost is considered as one of important items for machinery management and selection. The present study was carried out in Dongola area for tractor repair and maintenance costs estimation. The data was collected from records of Elshimalya Company for Agricultural Inputs. Forty…

A Model-Based Estimation of Annual Long-Term Care Costs in Germany Following Post-Operative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) in Elderly Patients

Mar 2021 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-21-3765
Simon A. WeberCorresponding author

Acute post-operative delirium (POD) and long-term post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) are frequent and associated with increased mortality, dependency on care giving and institutionalization rates. The POCD-related cost burden on the German long-term care insurance provides an indication for…

The Cost of Acquiring Crossveinless-Ness in Waddington’s Assimilation

Nov 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2576-6694.jbbs-17-1748
Ajay NairCorresponding author

Neo-Darwinian natural selection theory indicates that sudden, drastic changes in the environment place selective pressure on genetic variants in a population. As time progresses, this pressure sculpts individuals to better fit this new environment. Waddington’s classic experiment was repeated using…

Ulceration of Breast’s Skin due to Topical Corticosteroid Abuse

Sep 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2471-2175.jdrt-17-1774
Berna AksoyCorresponding author

Topical corticosteroids are main therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of dermatological disorders. Three cases of chronic cutaneous ulceration affecting the skin of the breasts that were caused presumably by previous and continued use of potent topical corticosteroids for the treat…

A Cost Analysis of Systematic Vitamin D Supplementation in the Elderly Versus Supplementation Based on Assessed Requirements

Sep 2017 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-17-1724
Pär WanbyCorresponding author

Hypovitaminosis D is common among older people and treatment with vitamin D is associated with reduced risk of falls and fractures. This paper provides a cost analysis of assessing the vitamin D status of and providing the pharmaceuticals for elderly citizens in Kalmar County, Sweden (population app…

Recognizing the Costs of Teen Pregnancy: “Baby Think it Over”

May 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-13-186
Josie A. WeissCorresponding author

Despite recent improvements in teen pregnancy and birth rates, 2000 teens get pregnant each day in the U.S. Innovative strategies that are effective and acceptable within communities are needed to continue these declines in teen pregnancies. Captivating educational interventions enhanced by infant s…

Recognizing the Costs of Teen Pregnancy: “Baby Think it Over”

May 2014 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-12-186
A. Weiss JosieCorresponding author Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University

Despite recent improvements in teen pregnancy and birth rates, 2000 teens get pregnant each day in the U.S. Innovative strategies that are effective and acceptable within communities are needed to continue these declines in teen pregnancies. Captivating educational interventions enhanced by infant s…

Evaluation of Direct Cost of Adverse Drug Reactions to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Indian Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients

Dec 2012 DOI 10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-12-71
Rajesh RadhakrishnanCorresponding author Radhakrishnan Rajesh M.Pharm, Asst Professor (Senior Grade), Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal- 576 104, Karnataka, India.

In India, interruptions to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and no reports on the direct cost incurred in the management of ADRs to HAART are available. There is a need to study direct cost incurred with ADRs to HAART to explore the high economic…

Partial Substitution of Mineral Fertilizers with Organic Fertilizers to Increase Yield and Profitability of Irrigated Lowland Rice Cultivation

Aug 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2639-3166.jar-26-6095
Simon AlibuCorresponding author

Uganda has the world's lowest fertilizer use rate at just 1-1.5 kg per hectare. This limited use is a key factor hindering rice productivity in the country. Farmers can use affordable organic fertilizers to partially replace expensive mineral fertilizers, increasing the profitability of rice cultiva…

Balancing Tradition and Modernity: Smallholder Farmer Perspectives on Fertilizer Adoption and Improved Crop Varieties in the Teso Sub-Region, Uganda

Aug 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2693-1176.ijgh-26-6367
Vivien AkulloCorresponding author

Background Smallholder farmers in Uganda's Teso Sub-Region are increasingly adopting fertilizers and improved crop varieties in response to declining soil fertility, climate variability, and the need to improve agricultural productivity. However, limited evidence exists on how farmers perceive and i…

Disseminated Mucormycosis Diagnosed by Urine Microscopy in a Patient with Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report

Jun 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2690-4721.ijcm-26-6039
Nidhi RaoCorresponding author

Background Mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive invasive fungal infection associated with high mortality in patients with hematological malignancies such as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia(ALL). Early diagnosis is challenging because clinical and radiological findings are often nonspecific, and tissue…

Apomorphine Subcutaneous Infusion is More Efficient Than foslevodopa/foscarbidopa Subcutaneous Infusion in the Treatment of Advanced Parkison´s Disease for the Spanish National Health System

May 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2641-4538.jphi-26-6161
J GonzalezCorresponding author

Objectives Motor fluctuations and non-motor disorders not manageable by first-line treatments in advanced Parkinson's disease require continuous dopaminergic stimulation strategies such as subcutaneous infusions of apomorphine (APO) or foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (FLD/FCD). A Budget Impact Analysis (BI…

Osteoarthritis Falls Origins, Risks, and Prevention: Do we Need an Ecological Guiding Explanatory Framework?

Jan 2026 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-25-5940
Ray MarksCorresponding author

Lower limb osteoarthritis, a widespread age related chronic condition is often accompanied by an increased tendency to fall and thereby various degrees of intrinsic and extrinsic injury. Falls, in turn may provoke the disease alone and in turn a high falls risk and cycle of recurrent falls and heigh…

How Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy Merges with Hypnotism and Solution- Focused Methods

Dec 2025
Golnaz Darvishzadeh NooshabadiCorresponding author

Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) has proven effective in over 120 outcome studies, particularly for anxiety, depression, and personality disorders. This conceptual paper proposes a theoretical integration of ISTDP with Solution- Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) and clinical hypnosis. E…

Psychosocial Interventions in Bipolar Disorder

Dec 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-612X.ijpr-25-5849
Gülsüm YılmazCorresponding author

Bipolar disorder is a chronic condition marked by episodes of mania and depression, significant functional impairment, and challenges with treatment adherence. Current guidelines highlight the importance of both medication and psychosocial approaches in treatment. This review explores the primary ps…

Journal of Farming Open Access

Impact of Phytase-Supplemented Palm Kernel Cake on Growth, Feed Efficiency, and Economic Viability in Poultry

Jul 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.3070-2232.jf-25-5519
Kwamina Ewur BansonCorresponding author

The rising costs of conventional poultry feed ingredients, such as soybean, maize, and fish meal, have prompted the search for more affordable and sustainable alternatives in poultry production. This study investigates the use of phytase-supplemented Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) as a replacement for soybe…

Intramuscular Fat Deposition and Osteoarthritis Pathology: A Possible Overlooked Pathogenic Correlate?

Jun 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2474-7785.jarh-25-5598
Ray MarksCorresponding author

Osteoarthritis, the most prevalent joint disease and one affecting many aging adults is strongly associated with various degrees of disability and high health costs. Commonly deemed largely incurable and progressive, it appears muscle fat deposition and its encroachment on muscle tissue may account…

Iatrogenic Extra-Capsular Extension of Knee Septic Arthritis Via Intra-Articular Joint Injection

May 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2694-2283.jsem-25-5529
Nawaf Al-saeedCorresponding author

Background Septic arthritis is a potentially limb or life-threatening joint infection that requires prompt recognition and intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. While intra-articular joint injections are commonly performed for osteoarthritis and other arthropathies, they carry a rare but s…

Malaria: A Driving Force to the Emergence and the Global Spread of Antibiotics Resistance

Mar 2025 DOI 10.14302/issn.2693-1176.ijgh-25-5429
Rasheed O. MakanjuolaCorresponding author

Malaria and bacteraemia are significant public health concerns and economic threats. In Africa, the intensity for simultaneous transmission and co-infection of Plasmodium spp and other bacteria pathogens are extremely high. It is believed that malaria suppress the immune system and enable the transl…

Assessing the risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in India

Nov 2024 DOI 10.14302/issn.2574-4518.jsdr-24-5271
Rajiv KovilaCorresponding author

Background/Aim Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder characterized by recurrent respiratory disturbances during sleep. Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and obesity exhibit a substantial susceptibility to OSA (23%–86%). People with OSA have a high risk of several comorbid…

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